耐磨鋼板之鎢鋼

鎢鋼(gang)一種一非常(chang)(chang)稀有的(de)材料，所(suo)以大(da)(da)家(jia)在使用(yong)(yong)的(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)一定要小(xiao)(xiao)心，不要造成浪費(fei)，所(suo)以我們(men)只有更(geng)了解它，才(cai)能更(geng)好的(de)使用(yong)(yong)它，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)鎢鋼(gang)模(mo)(mo)具耐(nai)磨性最有效直接(jie)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)就(jiu)是鍍鈦加工-進行表面增(zeng)(zeng)壽(shou)，增(zeng)(zeng)硬，增(zeng)(zeng)值及提(ti)(ti)高(gao)耐(nai)磨，耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕等(deng)。習慣上(shang)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)英寸表示(shi)等(deng)。焊(han)(han)接(jie)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)按焊(han)(han)縫的(de)形式分為直縫焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)螺旋焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。因此可增(zeng)(zeng)加壽(shou)命，大(da)(da)幅降(jiang)低成本.摩(mo)擦系(xi)數降(jiang)低，減小(xiao)(xiao)加工受力 提(ti)(ti)高(gao)表面硬度，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)延長模(mo)(mo)具壽(shou)命 防(fang)止產品拉毛、拉傷，提(ti)(ti)升產品質量(liang) 省去卸模(mo)(mo)、拋光(guang)再裝模(mo)(mo)的(de)煩惱，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)效率在模(mo)(mo)具的(de)使用(yong)(yong)過(guo)程中(zhong)，早期失效經(jing)常(chang)(chang)出(chu)現(xian)。因此，較(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)口(kou)徑的(de)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)大(da)(da)都采用(yong)(yong)直縫焊(han)(han)，大(da)(da)口(kou)徑焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)則大(da)(da)多采用(yong)(yong)螺旋焊(han)(han)。

鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)格用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)公稱(cheng)口表示(shi)，公稱(cheng)口徑是(shi)內徑的(de)(de)(de)近似值。 樁(zhuang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)旋焊(han)(han)(han)縫鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是(shi)以(yi)熱軋(ya)鋼帶卷作管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)坯，經常(chang)(chang)溫螺(luo)旋成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雙面埋(mai)弧焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)或高(gao)頻焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)土木建筑(zhu)結構、碼頭、橋梁等基(ji)礎樁(zhuang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承壓(ya)能(neng)力強(qiang)(qiang)，塑(su)性(xing)(xing)好(hao)，便于(yu)(yu)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)和(he)(he)加工(gong)成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)；經過(guo)各(ge)種嚴格和(he)(he)回收鎢(wu)鋼科學檢驗和(he)(he)測(ce)試(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安全(quan)可靠(kao)，鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)口徑大(da)，輸(shu)送(song)(song)效率高(gao)，并可節省鋪(pu)設管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)投資。主要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)輸(shu)送(song)(song)石(shi)油(you)、天然氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)。硬(ying)度可以(yi)達到HRB89至95，正因如此，主要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)鋪(pu)設輸(shu)送(song)(song)石(shi)油(you)、天然氣(qi)等的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)。鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)壁厚(hou)分為(wei)(wei)普通鍍鋅(xin)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)加厚(hou)鍍鋅(xin)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)；接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)端形(xing)式分為(wei)(wei)不帶螺(luo)紋(wen)鍍鋅(xin)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)(he)帶螺(luo)紋(wen)鍍鋅(xin)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。 20世紀30年代(dai)(dai)以(yi)來(lai)，隨著(zhu)優質(zhi)帶鋼連軋(ya)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)迅速發展以(yi)及焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)和(he)(he)檢驗技術的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)步，焊(han)(han)(han)縫質(zhi)量(liang)不斷提高(gao)，焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)品種規(gui)格日益(yi)增多(duo)，并在越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)領域代(dai)(dai)替了無縫鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承壓(ya)能(neng)力強(qiang)(qiang)，焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)好(hao)，經過(guo)各(ge)種嚴格的(de)(de)(de)科學檢驗和(he)(he)測(ce)試(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安全(quan)可靠(kao)。 低壓(ya)流體(ti)輸(shu)送(song)(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)也稱(cheng)一般焊(han)(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，俗稱(cheng)黑(hei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。習慣(guan)上常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)英寸表示(shi)，低壓(ya)流體(ti)輸(shu)送(song)(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)除直接(jie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)輸(shu)送(song)(song)流體(ti)外，還大(da)量(liang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作低壓(ya)流體(ti)輸(shu)送(song)(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鍍鋅(xin)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。 常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)車床(chuang)刀具、沖擊鉆鉆頭、玻(bo)璃刀刀頭、瓷磚割刀之上，堅硬(ying)不怕退火，但質(zhi)脆。

精密衡壓(ya)模(mo)具(ju)經真(zhen)空涂層被覆后表(biao)面可(ke)擁有(you)(you)(you)極(ji)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)摩擦系數，減(jian)少加(jia)工受力。鎢(wu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)產品（常見的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)鎢(wu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)手表(biao)），具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)不易(yi)被磨(mo)損(sun)的(de)(de)(de)特性。 一般低(di)壓(ya)流體(ti)(ti)輸(shu)送(song)用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)旋縫(feng)高頻焊(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)是以(yi)(yi)熱軋鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)帶卷(juan)(juan)作(zuo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)坯，經常溫螺(luo)旋成(cheng)(cheng)型，采用(yong)(yong)高頻搭(da)接(jie)(jie)(jie)焊(han)(han)法焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)一般低(di)壓(ya)流體(ti)(ti)輸(shu)送(song)用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)旋縫(feng)高頻焊(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。屬于(yu)(yu)稀有(you)(you)(you)金屬之列。 焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)也(ye)稱焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，是用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板或(huo)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)帶經過卷(juan)(juan)曲成(cheng)(cheng)型后焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)制成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。為此，業(ye)(ye)界陸續推(tui)出不同的(de)(de)(de)解決(jue)(jue)方案，高速鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)而鍍鈦表(biao)面處理技(ji)術是倍受青睞的(de)(de)(de)方案，能最有(you)(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)解決(jue)(jue)上(shang)述困難。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)壁厚分為普通鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和加(jia)厚鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)；接(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)端形式(shi)分為不帶螺(luo)紋(wen)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)（光管(guan)(guan)(guan)）和帶螺(luo)紋(wen)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。是用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)輸(shu)送(song)水、煤氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)油及取(qu)暖(nuan)蒸汽、暖(nuan)水等(deng)一般較低(di)壓(ya)力流體(ti)(ti)或(huo)其他用(yong)(yong)途的(de)(de)(de)熱浸鍍鋅焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)（爐(lu)焊(han)(han)或(huo)電焊(han)(han)）鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。硬質合(he)金中(zhong)主要成(cheng)(cheng)分為碳化鎢(wu)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)也(ye)被稱作(zuo)鎢(wu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)，鎢(wu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)屬于(yu)(yu)硬質合(he)金，又(you)稱之為鎢(wu)鈦合(he)金。其中(zhong)，因磨(mo)損(sun)引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)失(shi)效的(de)(de)(de)產品（如：沖裁、冷鐓(dui)、粉末成(cheng)(cheng)型等(deng)）涂層后可(ke)提遐(xia)齡命五至八倍倍以(yi)(yi)上(shang)；因咬合(he)引起(qi)產品或(huo)模(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)拉傷標題(ti)題(ti)目（如：引伸模(mo)、拉伸模(mo)、翻邊模(mo)等(deng)），涂層后可(ke)以(yi)(yi)從(cong)根本上(shang)予(yu)以(yi)(yi)解決(jue)(jue)。普通碳素(su)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)電線(xian)(xian)套管(guan)(guan)(guan)，是工業(ye)(ye)與民用(yong)(yong)建筑(zhu)、安裝機(ji)器(qi)設備等(deng)電氣(qi)(qi)(qi)安裝工程中(zhong)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)保護電線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。 鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)規格(ge)用(yong)(yong)公(gong)稱口(kou)徑表(biao)示，公(gong)稱口(kou)徑是內徑的(de)(de)(de)近似值。 低(di)壓(ya)流體(ti)(ti)輸(shu)送(song)用(yong)(yong)鍍鋅焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)也(ye)稱鍍鋅電焊(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，俗稱白管(guan)(guan)(guan)。

鎢鋼(gang)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)經真空涂層(ceng)被覆后表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)硬度可提(ti)高五至十倍，可大(da)幅減少表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)磨(mo)耗，特別是用(yong)于高精密(mi)加工(gong)時可獲得非(fei)常優(you)異的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)質量。 承(cheng)壓(ya)流體(ti)輸(shu)送(song)用(yong)螺旋縫埋弧焊鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)，是以(yi)熱軋鋼(gang)帶卷作管(guan)(guan)坯，經常溫螺旋成(cheng)型(xing)，用(yong)雙面(mian)埋弧焊法焊接，用(yong)于承(cheng)壓(ya)流體(ti)輸(shu)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)螺旋縫鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)。細微納米(mi)級顆粒的(de)(de)(de)TICN涂層(ceng)顯(xian)微結構兼備(bei)高韌性(xing).高硬度,高抗(kang)氧(yang)化(hua)性(xing),并(bing)可以(yi)實現無摩(mo)擦(ca)排屑的(de)(de)(de)極光(guang)(guang)滑表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian),從而使得工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)良(liang)性(xing)得以(yi)極充分的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)揮(hui).較TIN涂層(ceng)處理之表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)光(guang)(guang)潔(jie)度好,摩(mo)擦(ca)系數小(xiao),硬度高,抗(kang)氧(yang)化(hua)性(xing)強.模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)極其零部件(jian)類,針對不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(粉末冶金模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),沖壓(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju),成(cheng)型(xing)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),拉伸模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),鍛壓(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)及(ji)注(zhu)塑模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)等(deng))和零件(jian)所(suo)采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)涂層(ceng)工(gong)藝,可顯(xian)著提(ti)高表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)硬度,耐(nai)(nai)磨(mo)性(xing),耐(nai)(nai)蝕(shi)性(xing),耐(nai)(nai)熱性(xing)及(ji)其潤滑性(xing)等(deng);并(bing)能方(fang)便脫膜(mo),大(da)力(li)地提(ti)升(sheng)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)和零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)品質(如(ru)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)粗糙度,精度等(deng))和使用(yong)壽命,使其有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)揮(hui)產品的(de)(de)(de)潛能.

含鎢的(de)(de)鋼材(cai) ,比(bi)如(ru)高(gao)速(su)鋼和(he)(he)某些熱(re)作模(mo)具(ju)(ju)鋼，鋼材(cai)中含鎢對鋼材(cai)硬度(du)和(he)(he)耐(nai)熱(re)性能有很顯著的(de)(de)提高(gao)，但是韌性會急劇下降。 一般(ban)低壓流體輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)縫(feng)(feng)埋(mai)弧(hu)焊(han)鋼管是以熱(re)軋(ya)鋼帶(dai)卷作管坯，經常(chang)溫(wen)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)雙面(mian)自動埋(mai)弧(hu)焊(han)或單面(mian)焊(han)法制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)水、煤氣、空氣和(he)(he)蒸汽等(deng)一般(ban)低壓流體輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)埋(mai)弧(hu)焊(han)鋼管。 PVD涂(tu)層技術可(ke)(ke)以廣泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)各(ge)類磨損(sun)、咬合、腐蝕(shi)、粘(zhan)著、融合等(deng)而引起失效(xiao)的(de)(de)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)、模(mo)具(ju)(ju)、機械(xie)零件(jian)、醫療(liao)器械(xie)等(deng)。 承壓流體輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)用(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)縫(feng)(feng)高(gao)頻焊(han)鋼管，是以熱(re)軋(ya)鋼帶(dai)卷作管坯，經常(chang)溫(wen)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)頻搭接焊(han)法焊(han)接的(de)(de)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)承壓流體輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)的(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)縫(feng)(feng)高(gao)頻焊(han)鋼管。但是與相(xiang)同長(chang)度(du)的(de)(de)直縫(feng)(feng)管相(xiang)比(bi)，焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)長(chang)度(du)增(zeng)加百分(fen)之三(san)十至(zhi)百分(fen)之百，而且生產(chan)(chan)速(su)度(du)較(jiao)低。鋼管口徑大(da)(da)，輸(shu)(shu)(shu)送(song)效(xiao)率高(gao)，并可(ke)(ke)節約鋪設管線的(de)(de)投資。其標題題目不單是拖(tuo)延生產(chan)(chan)周(zhou)期(qi)，也大(da)(da)大(da)(da)增(zeng)加了(le)生產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本，進而影響企(qi)業競(jing)爭力。冷(leng)沖(chong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形及拉伸模(mo)具(ju)(ju)經真空涂(tu)層被覆后可(ke)(ke)顯著降低摩擦力，明(ming)顯減少加工(gong)中產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)刮(gua)痕(hen)及磨耗。 直縫(feng)(feng)焊(han)管生產(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝簡單，生產(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率高(gao)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本低，發展較(jiao)快(kuai)。

螺旋焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)強度(du)一(yi)般比直縫焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)高，能用較窄的(de)(de)坯料(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑(jing)較大的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，還可以用同樣寬度(du)的(de)(de)坯料(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑(jing)不同的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。失效的(de)(de)因數通常是磨損、腐(fu)蝕、融合、粘著等(deng)(deng)。通常分為公制電(dian)焊(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、電(dian)焊(han)(han)薄壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、變壓器冷卻油管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。 是用于輸送水、煤氣(qi)、空氣(qi)、油和取(qu)暖蒸汽(qi)等(deng)(deng)一(yi)般較低(di)壓力流體(ti)和其(qi)他用途的(de)(de)焊(han)(han)接鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。直縫電(dian)焊(han)(han)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，是焊(han)(han)縫與鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)縱(zong)向平的(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。焊(han)(han)接鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產工藝簡單，生(sheng)(sheng)產效率高，品種規格多，設備資(zi)少，但一(yi)般強度(du)低(di)于無縫鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。